J.D.塞林格（Jerome David Salinger，1919年1月1日生）出生于纽约的一个犹太富商家庭，他在15岁时就被父亲送到宾夕法尼亚州的一所军事学校。1936年塞林格从军事学校毕业，1937年又被做火腿进口生意的父亲送到波兰学做火腿。塞林格在纽约的时候就开始向杂志投稿，其中大部分都是为了赚钱，但也不乏一些好文章，其中包括了《逮香蕉鱼的最佳日子》。

二战中断了塞林格的写作。1942年塞林格从军，1944年他前往欧洲战场从事反间谍工作。战争令塞林格恐惧，他之后写了多本以战争为题材的书。

1946年塞林格退伍，回到纽约开始专心创作。他的第一本长篇小说《麦田里的守望者》1951年出版，获得了很大的成功，塞林格一举成名。他之后的作品包括了《弗兰尼与卓埃》（1961年）、《木匠们，把屋梁升高》和《西摩小传》（1963年）和收录了他的短篇故事的《九故事》（1953年）。塞林格擅长塑造早熟、出众的青少年的形象。

《麦田里的守望者》获得成功之后，塞林格变得更孤僻。他在新罕布什尔州乡间的河边小山附近买下了90多英亩的土地，在山顶上建了一座小屋，过起了隐居的生活。他虽然从未放弃写作，但他在1951年之后，就很少公开出版自己的作品。他后期的作品也越来越倾向于东方哲学和禅宗。

塞林格在欧洲期间曾经与一个女医生结婚，但不久便离异。1953年他与一个叫克莱尔·道格拉斯（Claire Douglas）的女学生相识，两人后来在1955年结婚，但是后来又离婚。1972年塞格林在一本杂志上看到一个名叫乔伊斯·梅纳德（Joyce Maynard）的耶鲁大学女学生的文章和照片，立即被她吸引，两人开始通信。两人的关系在十个月后破裂。如今，塞林格娶了三任妻子科琳。科琳是一名护士，比他小50岁左右。

1999年，塞林格在34年没有发表任何作品后终于发表了新的长篇小说《哈普沃兹16，1924》。《哈普沃兹16，1924》最早是以短篇的形式出现在1965年的《纽约时报》上。塞林格将这部作品授权一个小的出版公司，但是到现在他的作品都还没有出版。

In the J.D. Salinger benchmark "A Perfect Day for Bananafish," Seymour Glass floats his beach mate Sybil on a raft and tells her about these creatures' tragic flaw. Though they seem normal, if one swims into a hole filled with bananas, it will overeat until it's too fat to escape. Meanwhile, Seymour's wife, Muriel, is back at their Florida hotel, assuring her mother not to worry--Seymour hasn't lost control. Mention of a book he sent her from Germany and several references to his psychiatrist lead the reader to believe that World War II has undone him.The war hangs over these wry stories of loss and occasionally unsuppressed rage. Salinger's children are fragile, odd, hypersmart, whereas his grownups (even the materially content) seem beaten down by circumstances--some neurasthenic, others (often female) deeply unsympathetic. The greatest piece in this disturbing book may be "The Laughing Man," which starts out as a man's recollection of the pleasures of storytelling and ends with the intersection between adult need and childish innocence. The narrator remembers how, at nine, he and his fellow Comanches would be picked up each afternoon by the Chief--a Staten Island law student paid to keep them busy. At the end of each day, the Chief winds them down with the saga of a hideously deformed, gentle, world-class criminal. With his stalwart companions, which include "a glib timber wolf" and "a lovable dwarf," the Laughing Man regularly crosses the Paris-China border in order to avoid capture by "the internationally famous detective" Marcel Dufarge and his daughter, "an exquisite girl, though something of a transvestite." The masked hero's luck comes to an end on the same day that things go awry between the Chief and his girlfriend, hardly a coincidence. "A few minutes later, when I stepped out of the Chief's bus, the first thing I chanced to see was a piece of red tissue paper flapping in the wind against the base of a lamppost. It looked like someone's poppy-petal mask. I arrived home with my teeth chattering uncontrollably and was told to go straight to bed."