This essential core text introduces readers to metaphysics. In thoughtful and engaging prose, Peter van Inwagen examines three profound questions: What are the most general features of the world? Why is there a world? And, what is the place of human beings in the world? The third edition includes an entirely new chapter on ontology. The new chapter presents a theory of the nature of being and proceeds to apply this theory to two problems of ontology: the problem of non-existent objects and the problem of universals. Equally valuable as a textbook in a university course or an introduction to metaphysical thinking for the interested layperson, Metaphysics remains a fascinating book for a wide range of readers, from first-time students to the most sophisticated philosophers. Contents 1. Introduction Part One: The Way the World Is
2. Individuality
3. Externality
4. Temporality
5. Objectivity Part Two: Why the World Is
6. Necessary Being: The Ontological Argument
7. Necessary Being: The Cosmological Argument Part Three: The Inhabitants of the World
8. What Rational Beings Are There?
9. The Place of Rational Beings in the World: Design and Purpose
10. The Nature of Rational Beings: Dualism and Physicalism
11. The Nature of Rational Beings: Dualism and Personal Identity
12. The Powers of Rational Beings: Freedom of the Will
13. Concluding Meditation
14. Coda: Being
具体描述
读后感
凡例：1、索引所提到的知识点是笔者个人的关注之处，不具普适性，而且也没准备让所有人都接纳，愿读者：乐则行之、忧则违之，如此而已。2、本篇索引为所涉及的重点知识分配了等级制，最高是七星级，最低是一星级。无星级的知识点则代表基础性知识。 （离弓矢君整理） 【第一版...
评分如果有一门学问可以通过自嘲获得人们的同情和热爱，通过回顾自己被拉下王座、墙倒众推的历史来博得人们的肃然起敬，通过不断叙述自己如何被对手殴打的遍体鳞伤逐出各个理性领域而引发人们对其价值的肯定，那么它无疑是形上学。
评分豆瓣上面显示的作者是“因瓦根”，这是不对的；作者的名字是彼得，姓是“van Inwagen”。而因瓦根不能单独作为名字来用。这样作者会很生气哦：）
评分近日在看一本今人写的教材《形而上学》，在其中讨论的诸多问题之外蹦出一个问题来：什么是理性？ 是的，形而上学讨论根本的存在。相当多的形而上学问题中都有“理性”这个字眼。关于理性存在物的，关于宇宙是否是被理性地创造的。理性未加省视地被赋予了褒义，成为一种高级的...
评分如作者所言，本书即可以作为没有哲学基础的一般读者的入门书，也可以供哲学专业的同学学习和思考形而上学问题之用（这时候可能需要补充一些哲学史和哲学原著）。 贯穿全书的是一系列问题，而书的三部分就正是对应了三个形而上学核心问题： 1. 世界是怎样的？世界的最一般特征是...
用户评价
个人很喜欢呢
评分好评！
评分个人很喜欢呢
评分P74-75:we call the aggregate of fixed moments pastward from the moment “the past” and the aggregate of fixed moments furtureward from the moment “the furture”。Thus the past is continuously growing and the furture contituously shriking。Many have found it natural to picture time as a river flowing furtureward，and to pic us the inhabitants of time
评分俺表示本体论证明那章很给力~
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