Leviathan and the Air-Pump

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Steven Shapin is the Franklin L. Ford Professor of the History of Science at Harvard University.

Simon Schaffer is professor of history of science at the University of Cambridge.

出版者:Princeton University Press
作者:Steven Shapin
出品人:
页数:448
译者:
出版时间:2011-9-4
价格:GBP 24.95
装帧:Paperback
isbn号码:9780691150208
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • 科学史 
  • 社会学/人类学 
  • 历史 
  • STS 
  • 社会学 
  • UK 
  • SSK 
  • Hobbes 
  •  
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"Leviathan and the Air-Pump" examines the conflicts over the value and propriety of experimental methods between two major seventeenth-century thinkers: Thomas Hobbes, author of the political treatise "Leviathan" and vehement critic of systematic experimentation in natural philosophy, and Robert Boyle, mechanical philosopher and owner of the newly invented air-pump. The issues at stake in their disputes ranged from the physical integrity of the air-pump to the intellectual integrity of the knowledge it might yield. Both Boyle and Hobbes were looking for ways of establishing knowledge that did not decay into ad hominem attacks and political division. Boyle proposed the experiment as cure. He argued that facts should be manufactured by machines like the air-pump so that gentlemen could witness the experiments and produce knowledge that everyone agreed on. Hobbes, by contrast, looked for natural law and viewed experiments as the artificial, unreliable products of an exclusive guild. The new approaches taken in "Leviathan and the Air-Pump" have been enormously influential on historical studies of science. Shapin and Schaffer found a moment of scientific revolution and showed how key scientific givens - facts, interpretations, experiment, truth - were fundamental to a new political order. Shapin and Schaffer were also innovative in their ethnographic approach. Attempting to understand the work habits, rituals, and social structures of a remote, unfamiliar group, they argued that politics were tied up in what scientists did, rather than what they said. Steven Shapin and Simon Schaffer use the confrontation between Hobbes and Boyle as a way of understanding what was at stake in the early history of scientific experimentation. They describe the protagonists' divergent views of natural knowledge, and situate the Hobbes-Boyle disputes within contemporary debates over the role of intellectuals in public life and the problems of social order and assent in Restoration England. In a new introduction, the authors describe how science and its social context were understood when this book was first published, and how the study of the history of science has changed since then.

具体描述

读后感

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“本书是一项科学知识社会学的演练。” 以“解答可能在于‘成员说法’(member's account)和‘外人说法’(stranger's account)之间的差别“为起点,作者尝试通过”扮演外人“的方法,”打破环绕在以实验生产知识之方法的周围那种不证自明的光环“。 ”在玻意耳的实验纲领中看...  

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史蒂夫·夏平,西蒙·谢弗:《利维坦与空气泵:霍布斯、波意耳与实验生活》,蔡佩君译,上海世纪出版集团2008年版 【按:这本科学史著作很有意思,记录了霍布斯与波义耳就空气泵与实验方法的争论,并将这一争论还原到查理二世复辟后的政治背景与两人各自的政治态度上,即霍布斯...  

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Shapin与Schaffer这本书,是SSK研究中最具争议的一本,在许多人如Steven Weinberg或Alan Sokal眼里,这本书就是胡扯八道。在我读过的科学社会学著作中,这一本也是相对让我不能接受的。不是不接受它的观点,而是它的论证方式。 Shapin等人基本的认识论立场来自于后期维特根斯...  

评分

Shapin与Schaffer这本书,是SSK研究中最具争议的一本,在许多人如Steven Weinberg或Alan Sokal眼里,这本书就是胡扯八道。在我读过的科学社会学著作中,这一本也是相对让我不能接受的。不是不接受它的观点,而是它的论证方式。 Shapin等人基本的认识论立场来自于后期维特根斯...  

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史蒂夫·夏平,西蒙·谢弗:《利维坦与空气泵:霍布斯、波意耳与实验生活》,蔡佩君译,上海世纪出版集团2008年版 【按:这本科学史著作很有意思,记录了霍布斯与波义耳就空气泵与实验方法的争论,并将这一争论还原到查理二世复辟后的政治背景与两人各自的政治态度上,即霍布斯...  

用户评价

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波义尔自称他的实验报告使用的是naked laguage(沙漠般清楚明白的语言),倒是和英美哲学与历史的学术文风颇像。

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粗略地看了,长知识了......

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粗略地看了,长知识了......

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终于读了这本神书。sociology of science的经典之作。提出intellectual space的概念,梳理了17世纪英国knowledge和social order的关系。读完觉得霍布斯其实是个很可爱的人。另外要赞这本书的写作,相当严谨清晰

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粗略地看了,长知识了......

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