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Gerd Gigerenzer is Director at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin.

Reinhard Selten is Professor at the University of Bonn. He is a cowinner of the 1994 Nobel Prize in Economics.

出版者:MIT Press

作者:Gerd Gigerenzer

出品人:

頁數:394

译者:

出版時間:2002-7

價格:GBP 28.79

裝幀:Paperback

isbn號碼:9780262571647

叢書系列:

圖書標籤:

心理學
思維
決策與判斷
有限理性
人工智能
判斷與決策
決策
機器學習

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In a complex and uncertain world, humans and animals make decisions under the constraints of limited knowledge, resources, and time. Yet models of rational decision making in economics, cognitive science, biology, and other fields largely ignore these real constraints and instead assume agents with perfect information and unlimited time. About forty years ago, Herbert Simon challenged this view with his notion of "bounded rationality." Today, bounded rationality has become a fashionable term used for disparate views of reasoning.

This book promotes bounded rationality as the key to understanding how real people make decisions. Using the concept of an "adaptive toolbox," a repertoire of fast and frugal rules for decision making under uncertainty, it attempts to impose more order and coherence on the idea of bounded rationality. The contributors view bounded rationality neither as optimization under constraints nor as the study of people?s reasoning fallacies. The strategies in the adaptive toolbox dispense with optimization and, for the most part, with calculations of probabilities and utilities. The book extends the concept of bounded rationality from cognitive tools to emotions; it analyzes social norms, imitation, and other cultural tools as rational strategies; and it shows how smart heuristics can exploit the structure of environments.

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