序
第一編漢譯英與英文句型
壹、由要素來分的造句
(1)漢文易寫英文難通
(2)動詞的種類和變化
(3)動詞與五種句型
(4)第一句型的自動構造
(5)第二句型的不完全自動構造
(6)第三句型的他動構造
(7)第四句型的授與構造
(8)第五句型的不完全他動構造
貳、由構造來分的造句
(1)用單句來翻譯
(2)用閤句來翻譯
(3)用復句來翻譯
叁、由內容來分的造句
(1)用平敘句來翻譯
(2)用疑問句來翻譯
(3)用命令句來翻譯
(4)用感嘆句來翻譯
第二編英文慣用法及其翻譯
1.It的造句
(1)“it……不定詞”
(2)“it……for……不定詞”
(3)“it……動名詞”
(4)“it……子句”
(5)“it is……子句”
(6)“it……名詞”
Ⅱ.名詞的造句
(7)“all+抽象名詞”或“抽象名詞+itself=very+形容詞”
(8)“the+單數名詞”的特殊用法
(9)無生物的主語
(10)“something(much)of”,“nothing(little)of”
(11)屬格的主格作用和賓格作用
(12)“名詞(A)+of+a+名詞(B)”
(13)“名詞+of+屬格+名詞”
(l4)“of+抽象名詞”=形容詞,“of 從略+普通名詞”
(15)“onesown+名詞”,“of onesown+動名詞”
(16)“have+the+抽象名詞+不定詞”
(17)“that(those)+先行詞+關係代名詞”
(18)“one thing……another”
Ⅲ.As的造句
(19)“as……as”的三種用法
(20)“as……as any”,“as……as ever”
(21)“as……as……can be”
(22)“as……so……”
(23)“It is in (or with)……as in (or with)”
(24)“as much”,“as many”,”like so many”
(25)“as good as”,“as well as”
(26)句首的“as it is”,句尾的“as it is”
(27)“過去分詞+as it is”,“現在分詞+as it does”
(28)“名詞等+as+主語+動詞等”
Ⅳ.動詞的造句
(29)“may well+動詞”,“and well+主語+may”
(30)“may as well……as”,“might as well……as”
(31)“so that……may”,“lest……shodd”
(32)“cannol help+動名詞”,“cannot but+原形不定詞”
(33)“have+賓語(物)+過去分詞”
(34)“have+賓語(人)+原形不定詞”
(35)“have+賓語+副詞(地點,方嚮等)”
(36)“have+賓語+現在分詞”
(37)“find oneself”
(38)“find……in”
(39)“do”的兩種用法
(40)“depend on”的兩種用法
(41)“know……from”
(42)“had better+原形不定詞”,“would rather+原形不定詞”
(43)“make……of”
(44)“make ones way”
(45)“rob……or”
(46)“seize……by the
(47)“see if……”,“see that……”
(48)“take……for granted”
(49)“used to+原形不定詞”,“be used to+動名詞”
(50)“be+自動詞的過去分詞”
(51)“否定+fail+不定詞”
(52)“動詞+原形不定詞”
(53)“leave+much(nothing)+to be desired”
(54)“be+不定詞”
(55)“have+不定詞+賓語”,“have+賓語+不定詞”
(56)“prevent+賓語+from+動名詞”
(57)“persuade+賓語+into+動名詞”,“dissuade+賓語+from+動名詞”
Ⅴ.不定詞的造句
(58)錶目的、原因、結果等的不定詞
(59)“so as+不定詞”,“so……as+不定詞”
(60)“too……+不定詞”,“not too……+不定詞”,“too……not+不定詞”
(61)“only too……+不定詞”,“too ready+不定詞”
(62)不定詞的感嘆用法
(63)“not to speak of”,“not to say”
Ⅵ.動名詞的造句
(64)“There is no+動名詞”
(65)“for+the+動名詞”
(66)“above+動名詞”
(67)“worth+動名詞”
(68)“far from+動名詞”
(69)“busy+動名詞”
(70)“on+動名詞”,“in+動名詞”
Ⅶ.否定詞的造句
(71)“no more……than”
(72)“no less……than”
(73)“not so much……as”,“not so much as”
(74)“Nothing is more……than”,“Nothing is so……as”
(75)“cannot……too”
(76)“否定+without”
(77)“否定+but”
(78)“否定+until(till)”
(79)“not so……but”,“not such a……but”
(80)“not A but B”,“B,(and)not A”
(81)“否定+because”
(82)“not because……but because”
(83)“not that……but that”
(84)“否定+every(all,both,always,quite)”
Ⅷ.What,who的造句
(85)“what he is”,“what he has”
(86)“what+名詞”,“what little+名詞”
(87)“what with……and what with”,“what by……and what by”
(88)“what is+比較級”
(89)“A is to B what X is to Y”
(90)“who+肯定”“who+否定”
(91)“疑問詞+should……but”
(92)“who knows but(that)”
Ⅸ,條件及讓步的造句
(93)省略if的句法
(94)“If it were not for(=Were it not for)+名詞”,“If it had not been for(=Had it not been for)+名詞”,“But for +名詞”,“But that +名詞子句”
(95)“命令句+and”,“命令句+or”
(96)“名詞+and”
(97)“動詞+疑問詞”
(98)“no matter+間接疑問句”,“疑問詞-ever+may”
(90)“動詞+as+主語+助動詞”
(100)“if any”
(101)“be it ever(或never)so”,“let it be ever(或never)so”
(102)“once”
(103)“were to”
(104)含有條件意味的字眼
Ⅹ.形容詞副詞的造句
(105)“the+形容詞”的兩種用法
(106)最上級形容詞含有 even 之意
(107)“the+比較級……the+比較級”
(108)“the+比較級+理由”
(109)“the last……+不定詞”,“the last……+形容詞子句”
(110)“so+形容詞(副詞)+that”,“so+動詞+that”
(111)“so that”
(112)“so much so that”
(113)“such……as”,“such……that”
(114)“比較級+than”,“more+原級+than”
(115)“more……than+can”
(116)“more than+動詞”
(117)“less……than”
(118)“much more”,“much less”
(119)“would sooner (rather……than”,“would as soon……as”
(120)“no sooner……than”,“hardly……when”
(121)“anything but”,“nothing but”,“all but”
(122)“short of”,“be short of”,“nothing short of”
(123)“ever so”
(124)“good and 的副詞用法”
(125)“to ones+感情名詞”,“to the+感情名詞+of”
(126)“so far”,“so far as”,“so far as……is concerned”
(127)“and that”
(128)“at once……and”
(129)“in that”
(130)“It is true……but”
Ⅺ.其他的造句
(131)“one”,“as such”
(132)“one thing……another”
(133)“in+人物”
(134)“before的四種譯法”
第三編 疑難句法及文章譯例
壹、英文類似句辨異
貳、常易譯錯的文句
Ⅰ.中譯英
Ⅱ.英譯中
叁、翻譯實例
I.中譯英
(1)鄭燮緻弟書
(2)中國的山水畫
(3)為學
(4)光與色
(5)教學相長
(6)翻譯文欠通順
(7)學無所用
(8)畫蛇添足
(9)嗟來食
(10)老與少
(11)雕刻奇技
(12)狐疑
(13)怕傘的姑娘
(14)偷竊狂
(15)狐假虎威
(16)習慣說
(17)黔之驢
(18)少年孔融的機智
(19)絕妙好辭
(20)韓信忍受跨下辱
Ⅱ.英譯中
(1)Too Clever Not to See
(2)The Busy Broker
(3)Speculation on Important Subjects
(4)A Feeling of Eternity
(5)The Spirit of Fair-play
(6)On D.H.Lawrence
(7)On Books
(8)Arguments against Smoking
(9)The Definition of a Gentleman
(10)The Law of the Jungle
(1l)Some Well-informed People
(12)The Enslish Humour
(13)The Trouble with Translation
(14)Too Distinguished to be a Personality
(15)Schadenfrcude
(16)Aloneness is Worse than Failure
(17)Being Ones True Self
(18)Happiness Consists in Love
(19)The Cosy Fire of Affection
(20)Irrational Man
附 錄:
當代英美名作摘譯
(1)William Plomer:On Not Answering the Telephone
(2)Louis Kronenberger:A Note on Privacy
(3)Lawrence George Durrel:Justlne
(4)Lawrcnce George Durrel:Mount-Olive
(5)P.H.Newby:A Parcel for Alexandria
(6)Muriel Spark:The Girls of Slender Means
(7)J.D.Salinger:The Long Debut of Lots Taggett
(8)J.D.Salinger:The Catcher in the Rye
(9)Iris Murdoch:The Bell
(10)Iris Murdoch:The Flight from the Enchanter
(11)Truman Capote:Breakfast at Tiffanys
(12)Truman Capote:Breakfast at Tiffanys
(13)James Baldwin:Notes of a Native Son
(14)William Styron:Lie Down in Darkness
(15)William Styro:The Confessions of Nat Turner
(16)Stan Barstow:Gamblers Never Win
習題解答
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